https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/tags/the-17th-century/ Recent content in The 17th Century on Life In Good Measure Hugo -- gohugo.io en-us Sun, 16 Jan 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/four-centuries-done/ Sun, 16 Jan 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/four-centuries-done/ A 17th Century Mill in Castelnaudary, France Photo courtesy Max Pixel As of today, Journeys of Life contains year files for four whole centuries. That is, the 17th, 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Those plus some of this 21st century we now live in span the years 1601 and 2021. The year files aim to give you a quick look at any of these years with some background information and the most notable persons born at that time. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1601/ Fri, 14 Jan 2022 08:16:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1601/ In the year 1601, Valladolid becomes the capital of the Hispanic Monarchy until Madrid takes over in 1606 (Jan 11), William Shakespeare’s Hamlet has possibly its first performance (spring), Jesuit Matteo Ricci becomes the first European to enter the Forbidden City in Beijing, invited by the Ming Dynasty Emperor, a rainy summer causing a bad harvest leads to severe famine in Russia and the Baltic Sea countries - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1603/ Thu, 13 Jan 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1603/ One of the many statues of Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616). Picture credit Yanajin33 In the year 1603, French explorer Samuel de Champlain sails to Canada (Mar), Queen Elizabeth I dies, having ruled since 1558, and Tokugawa Ieyasu is granted the title of _shōgun, _establishing the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo – thus the 265-year-long Edo period begins (Mar 24), James I is crowned as King of England with limited ceremonies due to plague (Jul 25), Acadia, the French colony in North America, is founded - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1610/ Tue, 04 Jan 2022 19:10:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1610/ [caption id=“attachment_3118” align=“alignleft” width=“379”]The four Galilean moons compared to Earth and its moon[/caption] In the year 1610, Galileo Galilei first observes the four Galilean moons of Jupiter: Ganymede, Callisto, Europa and Io (Jan 7), Polish troops occupy Moscow (Jul 4), Henry Hudson sails into what is now known as Hudson Bay, believing it was the Pacific Ocean (Aug 2), the Tuscans fight the Turks (Oct 10), the Orion Nebula is discovered, first shipments of tea to Europe by the Dutch East India Company are made around this time - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1614/ Sun, 26 Dec 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1614/ Osaka Castle (1597), one of Japan’s most famous landmarks In the year 1614, Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe in Jamestown, Virginia (Apr 5), hostilities resulting from an attempt by Toyotomi Hideyori to restore Osaka Castle begin, outraging Tokugawa Ieyasu (Nov 19), the Siege of Osaka begins (Dec 4), Christianity is banned throughout Japan (1614), the Rosicrucian Order is instituted in the Holy Roman Empire - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1620/ Wed, 22 Dec 2021 02:00:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1620/ [caption id=“attachment_3123” align=“alignright” width=“357”]A merry-go-round at the London Zoo (photo by Elliott Brown)[/caption] In the year 1620, the first merry-go-round is seen at a fair in Philippapolis, Turkey (May 17), the oldest stone church in French North America is begun in Quebec (Jun 3), Johannes Kepler’s mother is arrested for witchcraft (Aug 7), Mayflower departs from Plymouth, England (Sep 16) and arrives with the pilgrims and planters at Cape Cod in Massachusetts (Nov 21), a severe frost freezes the Thames in London, the modern violin is developed, witch hunts begin in Scotland - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1622/ Sat, 18 Dec 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1622/ In the year 1622, in the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is declared as the first day of the year, instead of March 25 (Jan 1), Jamestown massacre in Virginia begins the_ American Indian Wars_ (Mar 22), Portuguese forces successfully defend Macau from the Dutch fleet, keeping a Portuguese foothold in the Far East (Jun 24), Armand Jean du Plessis becomes Cardinal Richelieu (Sep 5), the first Huguenot rebellion ends (Oct 18) – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1625/ Thu, 16 Dec 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1625/ The official flag of New York City. The seal depicts Dexter, a sailor representing the first European settlers, and Sinister, a native Manhatten indian. The shield has sails of a windmill, and flour barrels representing industry, and beavers, taken from the seal of New Netherland. Picture credit Dave Fletcher In the year 1625, Charles Stuart succeeds to the throne on the death of his father, King James I of England (Mar 27), the Dutch settle in Manhattan, founding the town of New Amsterdam, an English colony is established in Barbados, Johann Rudolf Glauber discovers sodium sulfate in Austrian spring water – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1602/ Mon, 13 Dec 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1602/ Comparison of the antiquated view and the outcome of Galileo’s experiment In the year 1602, the Dutch East India Company is established with the intention of capturing the spice trade from the Portuguese (Mar 20), the alliance of Persia and Spain declare war on the Ottoman Empire, the Portuguese are expelled from Bahrain, Galileo begins his study of falling bodies around this time - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1630/ Thu, 02 Dec 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1630/ In the year 1630, native American Quadequine of the Wampanoag tribe introduces popcorn to English colonists (Feb 22), Swedish warships depart from Stockholm for Central Europe (Jun 6), and a month later make landfall at Peenemünde in Pomerania (Jul 6), the Treaty of Stettin is signed; Sweden gets full military control over Pomerania (Sep 4), the city of Boston, Massachusetts, is founded (Sep 7), the Deccan Famine begins in India, and it will kill 2 million people during the next two years - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1634/ Mon, 22 Nov 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1634/ Earth seen from the surface of the Moon In the year 1634, Belgian scientist Jan Baptist van Helmont is interrogated by the Spanish Inquisition and put on house arrest for his experiments into plant growth (Mar), Leonard Calvert arrives in Maryland, establishing St. Mary’s and an institution of higher learning which later becomes Georgetown University (May 25), Curaçao is captured by the Dutch, Johannes Kepler’s Somnium - fictional account of the view from the moon - is published posthumously by his son - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1605/ Tue, 16 Nov 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1605/ Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes. Picture credit Amazon In the year 1605, the first part of Miguel de Cervantes' Don Quixote is published in Madrid, and becomes a global bestseller almost at once (Jan 16), a proclamation declares all people of Ireland to be the direct subjects of the British Crown (Mar 11), Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien, generally recognised as the world’s first newspaper, is published in Strasbourg for the first time (Oct) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1636/ Thu, 11 Nov 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1636/ In the year 1636, King Christian of Denmark gives an order that all beggars able to work must be sent to build ships or to work as galley rowers (Mar 5), the Massachusetts Bay Colony organises militia to defend the colony against the Pequot Indians, later recognized as the founding of the United States National Guard (Dec 23), the shōgun forbids Japanese to travel abroad, and those abroad from returning home, Rhode Island is founded, the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) goes on - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1616/ Sat, 06 Nov 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1616/ Cape Horn Monument in Chile (1992), paying homage to sailors who perished attempting to round Cape Horn. Picture credit Jens Bludau In the year 1616, English diplomat Sir Thomas Roe presents his credentials to the Mughal Emperor Jahangir, opening the door to the British presence in India (Jan 10), Dutch captain Willem Schouten rounds the southern tip of South America and names it Kaap Hoorn (Jan 29), William Shakespeare dies (Apr 23), Pocahontas arrives in England with her family and the colonial governor of Virginia, never to see home again (Jun 12), the Tokugawa shogunate forbids foreigners other than Chinese from traveling and trading freely in Japan (Aug 8), the Blue Mosque in Istanbul is completed, Dutch traders smuggle the coffee plant out of Mocha - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1631/ Sun, 31 Oct 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1631/ In the year 1631, the Reval Gymnasium is founded in Estonia by the Swedish king Gustav II Adolf (Feb 16), John Winthrop becomes the first Governor of Massachusetts (May 18), William Claiborne sails from England to establish the first English settlement in Maryland (May 28), the first French newspaper, La Gazette, is founded (May 30), the death in childbirth of Mumtaz Mahal causes her husband Shah Jahan to commission the Taj Mahal at Agra, as a mausoleum for her (Jun 17), for the first time in several centuries, Mount Vesuvius at Pompeii erupts (Dec 16) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1606/ Tue, 26 Oct 2021 12:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1606/ In the year 1606, Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon makes the first confirmed sighting of Australia by a European (Feb 26), the first version of the Union Flag is created, to be worn as a national flag by English and Scottish ships (Apr 12), the trial in the gravedigging scandal of Frankenstein begins (the details of which may have inspired the Frankenstein story (Sep 20), Charles IX of Sweden founds the city of Vaasa on the west coast of Finland (Oct 2) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1639/ Sat, 23 Oct 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1639/ In the year 1639, the first printing press in British North America is started in Cambridge, Massachusetts, by Stephen Daye (Jan), Harvard University is named for clergyman John Harvard (Mar 13), Swedish forces defeat the army of the Holy Roman Empire in Chemnitz, allowing them to advance into Bohemia (Apr 14), Jeremiah Horrocks makes the first successful prediction and observation of a transit of Venus (Dec 4), Sakoku, the isolationist foreign policy of Japan, comes fully into effect - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1640/ Tue, 19 Oct 2021 17:55:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1640/ A slightly more modern coffeehouse in Venice In the year 1640, John Punch becomes the first official slave in the English colonies as he is sentenced to life in servitude (Jul 9), the first Finnish University opens in Turku/Åbo (Jul 15), 41 Spanish delegates to Japan are beheaded in Nagasaki (Aug 9), the first book to be printed in North America - the Bay Psalm Book - is published, the first known European coffeehouse opens in Venice - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1642/ Sun, 17 Oct 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1642/ In the year 1642, Ville-Marie (the future Montreal) is founded as a permanent settlement (May 17), Abel Tasman discovers the island Van Diemen’s Land, later renamed Tasmania (Nov 24), (), Rembrandt finishes his painting, The Night Watch, some 300,000 people die when the Chinese army breaks the dams of the Yellow River in order to break a siege by rebels, the First English Civil War goes on – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1643/ Sat, 16 Oct 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1643/ A modern barometer. Picture credit Sally Hunter In the year 1643, a couple of months after sighting Tasmania, Abel Tasman sights Tonga (Jan 21) and then the Fiji Islands (Feb 6), Louis XIV becomes King of France, ruling 72 years, the longest reign of any European monarch in recorded history (May 14), the failed Dutch expedition to Chilean Valdivia - the last one undertaken by the Dutch on the west coast of the Americas - arrives back at Recife in Dutch Brazil (Dec 28), Evangelista Torricelli invents the mercury barometer - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1645/ Thu, 14 Oct 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1645/ In the year 1645, fearing the spread of the Black Death, Edinburgh Town Council prohibits all gatherings except weddings and funerals (Mar 31), Oliver Cromwell is confirmed as the Lieutenant-General of the Cavalry during the ongoing English Civil War (Jun 10), Jeanne Mance founds the Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, the first hospital in North America (Oct 8), the English Civil War (1642–1651) goes on, wallpaper begins to replace tapestries - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1650/ Sun, 03 Oct 2021 07:24:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1650/ [caption id=“attachment_3112” align=“alignleft” width=“382”]Wheelchair built by Stefan Farfler in 1655[/caption] In the year 1650, Oliver Cromwell defeats a Scottish army in the Third English Civil War, (Sep 3), Einkommende Zeitungen becomes the first newspaper published in Germany, Ethiopia deports Portuguese diplomats and missionaries, three-wheeled wheelchairs are invented in the German city of Nuremberg, cafés begin to become popular in Europe - and all these fine people were born: 1650-xxxx Rowland Ellis* Welsh Quaker leader/emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1686 - Wales (1731/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1652/ Sat, 02 Oct 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1652/ In the year 1652, Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck founds Cape Town in South Africa (Apr 6), Rhode Island passes the first law in North America, making slavery illegal (May 18), George Fox preaches to a large crowd on Firbank Fell in England, leading to the establishment of the Religious Society of Friends, a.k.a. Quakers (Jun 13), disastrous fire destroys almost everything in Oulu, Finland (Oct 2), John Milton loses the last of his eyesight, the lymphatic system is first described by both Olaus Rudbeck in Sweden and Thomas Bartholin in Denmark - and all these fine people were born: 1652-0107 Pavao Ritter Vitezović* polymath/historian/political theorist - Senj, Croatian Military Frontier, Habsburg Monarchy (1713/61) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1654/ Mon, 27 Sep 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1654/ Magdeburg hemispheres In the year 1654, England and Sweden sign a commercial treaty (Apr 11), Oliver Cromwell creates a union between England and Scotland (Apr 12), the German scientist Otto von Guericke demonstrates the power of atmospheric pressure and the effectiveness of his vacuum pump, using the Magdeburg hemispheres, before he Imperial Diet in Regensburg (May 8), 23 Sephardic Jews arrive as refugees from Brazil in New Amsterdam and settling there, form a nucleus of what will be the second largest urban Jewish community in the history of New York City (Aug 22), construction of the Skokloster Castle in Sweden begins - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1646/ Sat, 18 Sep 2021 14:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1646/ Saul Attacking David by Guercino (1591-1666) In the year 1646, Roger Scott is tried in Massachusetts for sleeping in church (Feb 28), King Charles I of England surrenders his forces to a Scottish army in Nottinghamshire (May 5), France takes Dunkirk from the Spanish Netherlands for the first time (Oct 10), global temperatures begin to decline, as part of the Little Ice Age (Dec 21), Scottish Covenanters hand over King Charles to the Parliamentarians (Dec 23), the Italian painter Guercino paints Saul Attacking David - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1657/ Mon, 13 Sep 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1657/ In the year 1657, the Jews of New Amsterdam in New Netherlands are granted freedom of religion, as full citizens (Apr 20), Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell confirms his refusal of the crown of England (May 8), the first eleven Quaker settlers arrive in New Amsterdam, and are allowed to practice their faith (Jun 1), England’s first chocolate house is opened in London, tea is introduced to England, and coffee to France - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1660/ Tue, 31 Aug 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1660/ Samuel Pepys' bookplate. The Latin translates as “Mind Makes the Man” In the year 1660, Samuel Pepys begins his diary, one of the most important primary sources for the English Restoration Period (Jan 1), in the Treaty of Oliva, peace is made between Sweden and major European powers (May 5), the first actress appears on the professional stage in England in a non-singing role (Dec 8), the Royal African Company is founded by James II of England, in order to trade slaves along the coast of West Africa - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1618/ Fri, 27 Aug 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1618/ The Statue of Sir Walter Ralegh (1554-1618) in Greenwich, London. Photo credit Loco Steve In the year 1618, Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary emotion (Mar 8), the Defenestration of Prague influences significantly the history of Europe and leads eventually to the Thirty Years' War, polarizing Europe on religious grounds (May 23), the English playwright Ben Jonson sets out on his walk from London to Edinburgh, Scotland – an unheard undertaking at the time (Jul 8), **Sir Walter Raleigh is beheaded in London for allegedly conspiring against the King in 1603 **(Oct 29), the Thirty Year’s War goes on – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1663/ Mon, 23 Aug 2021 06:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1663/ In the year 1663, Emperor Reigen ascends to the throne of Japan (Mar 5), King Charles II of England issues the Charter of Carolina, establishing the Province of Carolina (Mar 24), the English Parliament passes the second Navigation Act, requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports (Jul 27), severe frost hits England (Aug 28), the English polymath Robert Hooke discovers that cork is made of “tiny little rooms”, which he first calls “cells” - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1665/ Wed, 18 Aug 2021 06:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1665/ Woolsthorp Manor, the birthplace and family home of Isaac Newton and where he stayed during the Great Plague (1665-1667) In the year 1665, Bucharest allows Jews to settle in the city, in exchange for an annual tax (Mar 16), as the Great Plague forces the closure of the University of Cambridge where Isaac Newton studies, he retires to his home for safety, and will there make many of his groundbreaking discoveries (Aug), the first play in English in the American colonies is performed in Pungoteague, Virginia (Aug 27), Robert Hooke’s Micrographia is published in London, first applying the term ‘cell’ to plant tissue (Sep) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1626/ Tue, 17 Aug 2021 06:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1626/ The Netherland Monument at an entrance to Battery Park. Photo credit: Tdorante10 In the year 1626, Sweden defeats a Polish army in Wallhof, Latvia (Jan 7), the director of New Netherland, Peter Minuit, buys Manhattan from a Native American tribe for some 60 guilders worth of trade goods (May 24), the new St Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican is consecrated (Nov 18), Pasha Muhammad ibn Farukh, tyrannical Governor of Jerusalem, is forced out (Dec 1), the Würzburg and Bamberg witch trials, leading to the mass executions of hundreds of people, begin - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1661/ Sun, 15 Aug 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1661/ Dutch Brazil, a.k.a. New Holland 1630-1654 In the year 1661, Russia cedes to Sweden all captured territories in the Treaty of Cardis (Jul 1), Portugal and the Dutch Republic sign a treaty whereby New Holland (a.k.a. Dutch Brazil) is ceded to Portugal (Aug 6), work begins on Versailles, John Evelyn publishes the pamphlet Fumifugium which becomes one of the earliest descriptions of air pollution - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1667/ Tue, 27 Jul 2021 05:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1667/ The Bay of New York Taken from Brooklyn Heights, a painting by William Guy Wall in the 1820s. Breuckelen was but one of the six Dutch villages in today’s Brooklyn, situated more or less where Brooklyn Heights is located. In the year 1667, the first theater in Scandinavia opens in Stockholm, Sweden (Feb), the blind, impoverished John Milton seals a contract for publication of Paradise Lost (Apr 27), the first human blood transfusion is administered successfully, from sheep to human, but the patient dies, and the doctor is accused of murder (Jun 15), Milton’s Paradise Lost is published, with great success (Oct), Brooklyn is chartered under the name Breuckelen by the Governor of New Netherland (Oct 18), Robert Hooke demonstrates that the alteration of the blood in the lungs is essential for respiration - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1670/ Sat, 17 Jul 2021 05:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1670/ In the year 1670, the Hudson’s Bay Company - a fur trading business for much of its existence - is founded in England, to operate in Canada (May 2), Spain recognizes Jamaica and the Cayman Islands as English possessions (Jul 18), Spanish frigates attack Charleston, South Carolina (Aug), Louis XIV authorizes the construction of Les Invalides in Paris as a home and hospital for aged and unwell soldiers (Nov 24), the first French settlers arrive in what is to become Senegal, Stenka Rasin begins the Cossack rebellion in Ukraine - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1671/ Wed, 14 Jul 2021 14:55:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1671/ In the year 1671, intoxicated Thomas Blood, disguised as a clergyman, makes a fruitless attempt to steal the Crown Jewels of England and Scotlandfrom the Tower of London (May 9), the Ottoman Empire declares war on Poland (Jun 22), the world’s first school of architecture is founded in Paris (Dec 30), the first Jewish families settle in Berlin, moving from Vienna at the invitation of the Elector of Brandenburg - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1674/ Wed, 07 Jul 2021 16:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1674/ In the year 1674, the Westminster Treaty is signed between England and the Dutch Republic (Feb 19), the Dutch Republic cedes its colony of New Netherland to England, including the capital New Orange which is returned to its English name of New York (Nov 10), Father Jacques Marquette founds a mission on the shores of Lake Michigan, which will gradually grow into the city of Chicago (Dec 4) – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1648/ Tue, 06 Jul 2021 11:00:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1648/ In the year 1648, the Russian explorer Semyon Dezhnyov embarks on the first recorded voyage through the Bering Strait, between Asia and North America (Jun), the Treaty of Westphalia ends the Thirty Years' War (Oct 24), France and the Netherlands agree to divide the Caribbean island of Saint Martin between them (Nov 11), rabbi Sabbatai Zevi declares himself the Messiah at Smyrna, Rembrandt paints Beggars at the Door - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1658/ Sat, 03 Jul 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1658/ In the year 1658, the Treaty of Roskilde brings peace between Sweden and Denmark (Feb 26), a Spanish invasion force fails to recapture Jamaica from the English (Jun 27), after Shah Jahan completes the Taj Mahal, his son deposes him as ruler of the Mughal Empire (Jul 31), Sweden attacks Denmark (Aug 7), Oliver Cromwell dies, and his son becomes Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland (Sep 3), the Dutch Navy forces the Swedish Navy to leave the coasts of Denmark (Oct 29), Dutch Jan Swammerdam becomes the first to observe and describe red blood cells - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1668/ Wed, 30 Jun 2021 03:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1668/ In the year 1668, the Triple Alliance of 1668 between England, Sweden and the Dutch Republic is formed (Jan), the British East India Company takes over Bombay (Sep 21), the first national bank in Europe, the Swedish Riksbank, is founded, the first volume of Jean de La Fontaine’s collected Fables is published - and all these fine people were born: 1668-xxxx Thomas Coram* sea captain/philanthropist - Lyme Regis, Dorset, England (1751/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1619/ Fri, 25 Jun 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1619/ The Pilgrims and members of the Wampanoag tribe (who ate at the first Thanksgiving) ate pumpkins and other squashes that are native to New England. In the year 1619, the first African slaves are brought to New England (though actually they were not the first ones) (August), 38 colonists from England land in Berkeley Hundred, Virginia and give thanks to God (considered by some to be the first Thanksgiving in the Americas) (Dec 4), Kajaani Castle in central Finland is built, the Danish–Dutch whaling settlement of Smeerenburg is founded in Svalbard, a Spanish expedition sails around Tierra del Fuego, mapping the coast of South America - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1656/ Fri, 18 Jun 2021 06:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1656/ In the year 1656, the first Jewish doctor in the Thirteen Colonies of America, Jacob Lumbrozo, arrives in Maryland (Jan 24), the Dutch capture the city of Colombo, Sri Lanka, marking the start of Dutch Ceylon (May 12), the pendulum clock is invented by Christiaan Huygens (Dec), the Stockholm Banco, the first bank to issue banknotes, is founded in Stockholm, Sweden – and all these fine people were born: 1656-xxxx Petronella Oortman* Dutch dollhouse enthusiast - Amsterdam (1716/60) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1607/ Thu, 17 Jun 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1607/ Pocahontas (c.1595-1617), daughter of Chief Powhatan, wife of John Rolfe In the year 1607, Jamestown, Virginia, is established as the first permanent English settlement in North America, beginning the American frontier (May 14), the first known performance of a Shakespeare play outside England in English takes place as Hamlet is performed aboard the East India Company ship Red Dragon off the coast of Sierra Leone (Sep 5), Halley’s Comet is seen by Johannes Kepler (Oct 27), Captain John Smith of the Jamestown Colony is captured by the Opchancanough tribe, and sent to Chief Powhatan for execution, but Pocahontas rescues him (Dec), Spain is effectively bankrupt - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1673/ Mon, 14 Jun 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1673/ In the year 1673, impostor Mary Carleton is hanged at Newgate Prison in London (Jan 22), Molière’s The Imaginary Invalid premiers in Paris (Feb 10), Test Act decreed that Roman Catholics and others who refuse to receive the sacrament of the Church of England cannot vote, hold public office, preach, teach, attend the universities or assemble for meetings in England (Mar 29), Dutch forces recapture New York from the English; the city is known as New Orange until regained by the English the following year (Aug 9) – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1611/ Fri, 11 Jun 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1611/ Hudson River, originating in the Adirondack Mountains of Upstate New York and flowing southward toward the Atlantic Ocean In the year 1611, Denmark declares war on Sweden, then captures Kalmar (Apr 4), the Authorized King James Version of the Bible is published for the first time, in London (May 2), a mutiny on the ship Discovery leads to captain Henry Hudson (for whom both Hudson River and Hudson Bay are named), his son and seven crewmen to being set adrift in or near Hudson Bay, never to be seen again (Jun 22), Gustav II Adolf becomes the King of Sweden (Oct 30) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1675/ Tue, 08 Jun 2021 02:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1675/ The Prime Meridian passing through it, the Royal Greenwich Observatory gave its name to Greenwich Mean Time, the precursor to UTC In the year 1675, Native American Christian John Sassamon from the Massachusett tribe is killed (Jan 29), the killers convicted (Jun 8), and this helps spark the conflict known as King Philip’s (Metacomet) War, breaking out as the Wampanoags attack Swansea in Massachusetts (Jun 24), Brandenburg defeats the Swedes in the Battle of Fehrbellin (Jun 28), construction of the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London begins (Aug 10), the Narragansetts sign a treaty with the English in Boston (Sep 18), United colonial forces attack the Narragansetts at the Great Swamp Massacre in New England (Dec 19), the American Indian Wars go on - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1680/ Sun, 06 Jun 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1680/ In the year 1680, the first documented tornado in America takes place in Cambridge, Massachusetts (Jul 8), Pueblo Indians capture Santa Fe, New Mexico from the Spanish (Aug 21), the Whigs, opposing catholicism, burn effigies of the Pope in London (Nov 14), the city of Karlskrona is founded in Sweden, the first Portuguese governor is appointed to Macau - and all these fine people were born: 1680-xxxx Gundill Trabeen** mother of Petter Carlsson Hällström/married to Carl Esbjörnsson Skotte - Helsingborg, Swedish Empire (1711/30-31) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1681/ Fri, 04 Jun 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1681/ In the year 1681, the first recorded boxing match in England takes place (Jan 6), Charles II of England grants a land charter to William Penn for the area that will become Pennsylvania (Mar 4), Canal du Midi in southern France is completed, creating a connection from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea (May 15), Roman Catholic Archbishop Oliver Plunkett is hanged in London and becomes the last Catholic martyr to die in England (Jul 1), France annexes the city of Strasbourg, previously a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire (Sep 30) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1682/ Wed, 02 Jun 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1682/ Photo credit Wally Gobetz In the year 1682, Robert de La Salle claims the territory at the mouth of the Mississippi River as La Louisiane for France (Apr 9), Louis XIV of France moves his court to Versailles (May 6), the reign of Peter the Great officially begins in Russia (May 7), three women are hanged for witchcraft in Exeter, the last known in England (Aug 25), the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is founded by William Penn (Oct 27) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1678/ Mon, 31 May 2021 07:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1678/ A Pinellas County fire engine in Largo, Florida In the year 1678, the first fire engine company in the future United States goes into service (Jan 27), the_ Test Act_ provides that members of both the House of Lords and House of Commons of England must swear an anti-Catholic oath, before taking office (Dec 3), about 1,200 Irish families sail from Barbados to Virginia and the Carolinas, the first chrysanthemums are planted in Europe – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1662/ Thu, 27 May 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1662/ The Sampling Officials by Rembrandt, 1662 In the year 1662, a short-lived experiment of the first public buses (holding eight passengers) begins in Paris (Mar 18), the hearth tax is introduced in England and Wales - a property tax considered among the first types of progressive tax (May 16), Charles II of England sells Dunkirk to his cousin Louis XIV of France (Oct 27), Rembrandt paints The Sampling Officials - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1684/ Sat, 22 May 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1684/ The Republic of Venice and its main territories over the course of its existence. Photo credit Ariel196 In the year 1684, the severe months-long frost in Britain, which even froze the River Thames, ends (Mar), the Republic of Venice declares war on the Ottoman Empire (Apr 25), René-Robert Cavelier sails again from France in order to establish a French colony on the Gulf of Mexico (Jul 24), Edmond Halley goes to Cambridge to discuss planetary motion with Isaac Newton (Aug), the British East India Company receives Chinese permission to build a trading station at Canton, the Swedification of Scania is accelerated by getting rid of the Danish-speaking teachers in the schools there - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1690/ Wed, 19 May 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1690/ In the year 1690, the clarinet is said to have been invented in Nuremberg, Germany (Jan 14), the Massachusetts Bay Colony issues the first paper money in North America (Feb 3), King William III of England defeats the deposed James II, who returns to exile in France (Jul 11), the English East India Company founds the future city of Calcutta (Aug 24), Barclays is founded in London, England (Nov 17), Uranus is first sighted and recorded, but mistakenly catalogued as a star (Dec) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1623/ Tue, 18 May 2021 12:03:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1623/ Schickard’s Calculating Clock In the year 1623, forces from the Kingdom of Kongo defeat the Portuguese in the Battle of Mbanda Kasi (Jan), the ship Anne arrives from England carrying more settlers to New Plymouth, Plymouth Colony (Jul), Rudbeckianska gymnasiet, the first gymnasium in Sweden, is founded, Wilhelm Schickard invents his Calculating Clock, an early mechanical calculator - and all these fine people were born: 1623-xxxx Jürgen Ovens* German portrait painter/art dealer - Tönning, Duchy of Schleswig (1678/55) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1692/ Mon, 17 May 2021 04:46:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1692/ In the year 1692, the Salem witch trials begin in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony with three women being charged of witchcraft (Mar 1), the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty issues the Edict of Toleration, recognizing the Roman Catholic Church and legalizing missions and their conversion of Chinese people (Mar 22), the last of those convicted of witchcraft in the Salem witch trials are hanged, and the remainder are eventually released (Sep 22), a slave revolt is crushed in Barbados (Oct 21) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1615/ Wed, 12 May 2021 12:33:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1615/ A humpback whale fluke - all unique like human fingerprints In the year 1615, forces under shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu take Osaka Castle in Japan, and thus begins a period of peace which lasts nearly 250 years (Jun 4), several Spanish Basque whalers on a whaling expedition to the Westfjords Peninsula of Iceland are killed as they end up in a conflict with the locals (Oct) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1647/ Sun, 09 May 2021 12:13:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1647/ In the year 1647, the Truce of Ulm ends for a while the power struggle in Bavaria between Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden (Mar 14), Peter Stuyvesant is appointed Director of New Amsterdam by the Dutch West India Company (Aug), England’s Puritan rulers ban Christmas, the word geysir is first used in Iceland - and all these fine people were born: 1647-0102 Nathaniel Bacon* Virginia colonist/rebel - Friston Hall, Suffolk, England (1676/29) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1686/ Tue, 27 Apr 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1686/ The plaque of Café Procope on Rue de l’Ancienne Comédie in Paris In the year 1686, New York City and Albany are granted city charters by the colonial governor (Jul 22), the Swedish Church Law 1686 confirms Sweden as a Lutheran state, whereby even the Romani people are to be incorporated to the Lutheran Church and all children need to learn to read the scriptures (which more or less eradicates illiteracy in Sweden), Café Procope, the oldest coffeehouse in Paris, frequented by Marie Antoinette and Napoleon Bonaparte, is opened - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1693/ Sun, 25 Apr 2021 15:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1693/ The ruins of Heidelberg Castle near Mannheim, Germany In the year 1693, a major earthquake kills thousands in Sicily and Malta (Jan 11), the Palantine forces at Heidelberg Castle surrender to France (May 23), John Locke publishes his influential book Some Thoughts Concerning Education, while William Penn, the founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, publishes his proposal for European federation, a religious schism in Switzerland leads to the formation of the Mennonite Amish sect, the Nine Year’s War goes on - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1604/ Fri, 23 Apr 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1604/ Othello and Desdemona, a painting by Fradelle from circa 1827 In the year 1604, Duke Carl becomes King Carl IX of Sweden (Mar 22), the Dutch begin contructing the city of Gothenburg in Sweden (Aug 21), William Shakespeare’s Othello is performed, probably for the first time, in London (Nov 1), construction of the Kajaani castle by order of King Carl IX begins in eastern Finland, France begins settling Acadia which becomes the first successful French North American colony, the first known English dictionary to be organized by alphabetical ordering, the Table Alphabeticall, is published - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1676/ Mon, 19 Apr 2021 12:33:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1676/ In the year 1676, as the leader of the Wampanoags nation Metacomet attacks Northampton, Massachusetts, the Massachusetts Council debates whether a wall should be erected around Boston (Feb 14), Metacomet, having waged a war throughout southern New England, is killed by another Indian (Aug 12), Sweden defeats the forces of Denmark in the Battle of Lund (Dec 4), Ole Rømer makes the first quantitative measurements of the speed of light (Dec 7), Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovers microorganisms, first coffeehouse in North America opens in Boston - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1683/ Sun, 11 Apr 2021 16:45:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1683/ Frost Fair on the frozen river Thames in winter 1683 In the year 1683, a 173,000-man Ottoman force arrives at Vienna and starts to besiege the city (Jul 14), Germantown in Philadelphia is founded as the first permanent German settlement in North America (Oct 6), the English crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties (Nov 1), the River Thames in London freezes, allowing a frost fair to be held (Dec), wild boars are hunted to extinction in Britain – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1624/ Fri, 09 Apr 2021 16:41:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1624/ Governors Island, south of Manhattan In the year 1624, as Oslo in Norway is destroyed once again by fire, King Christian IV of Denmark–Norway decrees its rebuilding on a new site, and to be named Christiania (May 24), the first Dutch settlers arrive in New Netherland as they disembark at Governors Island (Jun), Portuguese Jesuit priest António de Andrade becomes the first European to enter Tibet (Jul-Aug), the Japanese shōgun expels the Spanish from the land, and severs trade with the Philippines - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1687/ Wed, 31 Mar 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1687/ The Temple of Athena Nike at Acropolis, Athens. Built around 420 BC, excavated in the 1830s. Painting from 1877 by Carl Werner In the year 1687, the French explorer Robert Cavelier is murdered by a crew member while searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River (Mar 19), Isaac Newton’s Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica is published in London, and becomes the foundation of modern physics (Jul 11), Venetian forces besiege the Ottoman garrison in the Acropolis of Athens whereupon the Temple of Athena Nike is demolished (Sep 23) and half the Parthenon destroyed when a cannon ball hits a powder magazine (Sep 16) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1695/ Tue, 30 Mar 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1695/ In the year 1695, the Bank of Scotland is founded (Jul 17), a window tax is imposed in England and Wales, resulting in some windows being bricked up (Dec 31), a £2 fine is imposed for swearing in England, gold is discovered in Brazil, the Great Famine caused by early frost and bad harvests begins in the Swedish Empire, the famine in Scotland goes on - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1651/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 12:20:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1651/ The premises of the first coffee house in England on High Street, Oxford, England - now The Grand Cafe In the year 1651, Charles II is crowned King of Scots (Jan 1), Spanish ship San José, loaded with silver, wrecks in the coast of Chile, the surviving crew killed by indigenous Cuncos (Mar 26), laws are passed in Massachusetts forbidding poor people from adopting excessive styles of dress (Oct 13), defeated Charles II escapes from England to France (Oct 15), the first coffee house in England is opened, in Oxford - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1688/ Thu, 18 Mar 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1688/ In the year 1688, the Glorious Revolution begins as William of Orange from Netherlands lands at Torbay, England with a multinational force of 15000 mercenaries (Nov 15), William of Orange enters London (Dec 18), the earliest known mention of the balalaika is made, Edward Lloyd opens the coffee house in London (a popular meeting place of the business-minded) that later develops into Lloyd’s of London - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1609/ Sun, 14 Mar 2021 01:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1609/ Reproduction of a Galilean telescope from circa 1620 In the year 1609, the Bank of Amsterdam is established (Jan 31), King Philip III of Spain signs an edict to expel all Moriscos from his country (Apr 4), Galileo Galilei demonstrates his first telescope to Venetian officials (Aug 25, Johannes Kepler publishes his first two laws of planetary motion, Cornelis Drebbel invents the thermostat - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1659/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1659/ In the year 1659, Jan van Riebeeck produces the first South African wine, at the Cape of Good Hope (Feb 2), Swedish forces attack Copenhagen, but suffer heavy losses (Feb 11), the first known cheque in existence is written, in London (Feb 16), Christiaan Huygens’s important work on astronomy, Systema Saturnium, is published (Jul), Maria Theresa brings cocoa to Paris - and all these fine peope were born: 1659-xxxx Lawrence Washington* plantation owner/grandfather of George Washington - Bridges Creek, Westmoreland County, Colony of Virginia, British America (1698/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1629/ Sun, 07 Mar 2021 12:33:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1629/ Rijksdaalder silver coins from the Batavia wreck In the year 1629, Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal Charter, and the county is the first to be created in British America (Mar 4), the Dutch East India Company ship Batavia is wrecked on a reef near Beacon Island, and following mutiny among the survivors, two exiled murderers become the first Europeans to settle in Australia (Jun 4), actresses are banned in Japan - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1679/ Wed, 03 Mar 2021 22:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1679/ Malpas Tunnel in today’s France In the year 1679, there is a devastating fire in Boston (Nov 27), Černín Palace in Prague is completed, Europe’s first navigable canal tunnel, the Malpas Tunnel in France, is excavated, French explorer Daniel Greysolon, Sieur (Sir) du Lhut, becomes the first know European to explore what becomes Duluth, Minnesota - and all these fine people were born: 1679-xxxx John Deane* Royal Navy captain - Nottingham, England (1761/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1641/ Tue, 02 Mar 2021 00:33:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1641/ The old square in Kristiansand, Norway In the year 1641, the Norwegian city of Kristiansand is founded by King Christian IV of Denmark (Jul 5), London theatres are ordered to close due to increase in cases of plague (Aug 5), Irish Catholics revolt against the English administration and Scottish settlers in Ireland (Oct 23), the Dutch found a trading colony on Dejima in Japan (that remains active until 1854), English law makes witchcraft a capital crime - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1633/ Thu, 25 Feb 2021 07:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1633/ In the year 1633, Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition, and fire engines are used for the first time in England in order to extinguish a fire that breaks out at London Bridge (Feb 12), the Roman Catholic Church convicts Galileo Galilei of heresy (Apr 12) and forces him to recant his heliocentric view of the Solar System (Jun 22), Shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu issues the Sakoku Edict outlawing Christianity and enforcing a policy of extreme isolationism - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1698/ Sun, 14 Feb 2021 13:40:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1698/ In the year 1698, the first Scottish settlers leave for an ill-fated colony in Panama (Jul 14), English engineer Thomas Savery obtains a patent for a steam pump (Jul 25), Tsar Peter I of Russia imposes a tax on beards so as to move his people away from Asiatic customs (Sep 5), Christiaan Huygens argues in his posthumously published book Kosmotheoros that other planets in the solar system could contain extraterrestrial life, starting a debate that goes on - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1697/ Sat, 13 Feb 2021 01:13:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1697/ Tre Kronor painting by Govert Dircksz Camphuysen (1661) In the year 1697, Scottish student Thomas Aikenhead becomes the last person in Great Britain to be executed for blasphemy (Jan 8), tsar Peter the Great of Russia sets out to travel in Europe incognito (Mar 9), Charles XII becomes king of Sweden at age 14 (Apr 5), Tre Kronor castle in Stockholm burns to the ground (May 17), great famine still goes on in Northern Europe and Scotland - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1612/ Thu, 04 Feb 2021 00:33:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1612/ In the year 1612, Axel Oxenstierna persuades the Riksdag of the Estates to grant the Swedish nobility the right and privilege to hold all higher offices of government (Jan 6), Galileo Galilei becomes the first astronomer to observe Neptune, yet he mistakenly catalogues it as a fixed star (Dec 28), many people are hanged for witchcraft in England, the Nagoya Castle is completed in Japan - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1669/ Mon, 11 Jan 2021 11:15:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1669/ In the year 1669, Samuel Pepys stops writing his diary (May 31), after 400 years of operation, the Hanseatic League holds its last official meeting in Lübeck (Jul), famine in Bengal kills 3 million people, phosphorus is discovered, Antonio Stradivari makes his first violin in Cremona - and all these fine people were born: 1669-xxxx Henrik Brenner* Finnish orientalist/Royal librarian - Kronoby, Ostrobothnia, Sweden-Finland (1732/c.63) 1669-0120 Susanna Wesley* known as mother of Methodism/25th of 25 children - London, England (1742/73) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1664/ Tue, 05 Jan 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1664/ The flag of New York in 1664 In the year 1664, Robert Hooke discovers Jupiter’s Great Red Spot (May 9), the world’s oldest private newspaper still published - Gazzetta di Mantova - is first published in Mantua, Italy (Jun), Kronenbourg Brewery is founded in Strasbourg (Jun 9), Director-General Peter Stuyvesant surrenders New Amsterdam to the British, who rename the city New York (Aug 27) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1638/ Mon, 09 Nov 2020 10:37:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1638/ Flag of the city of Wilmington, built on the site of Fort Christina, the first Swedish settlement in North America In the year 1638, settlers from Sweden arrive on the ships and establish the settlement of New Sweden in Delaware, thus beginning the Swedish colonization of the Americas (Mar 29), Spanish troops defeat the Dutch in the Battle of Kallo near Antwerp (Jun 20), the Dutch settle in Ceylon and colonize Mauritius, the Finnish postal service is founded, New Haven, the first planned city in America, is founded - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1632/ Sun, 11 Oct 2020 08:24:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1632/ In the year 1632, Munich is captured by the Swedish army (May), Charles I of England issues a charter for the colony of Maryland (Jun 20), the University of Tartu officially opens in Swedish Livonia (Oct 15), the Swedish King Gustav II Adolf is killed in action in Lützen (Nov 16), the construction of the Taj Mahal begins, Catharina Stopia of Sweden becomes perhaps the first female diplomat in Europe, the Portuguese are driven out of Bengal - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1628/ Sun, 04 Oct 2020 17:44:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1628/ In the year 1628, Oliver Cromwell makes his first appearance in the English Parliament (Mar 17), the Swedish 64-gun sailing ship Vasa sinks on her maiden voyage in Stockholm Harbor (Aug 10, The Collegiate School, the oldest surviving educational institution in North America, is established in New Amsterdam, the first black slaves arrive in Dutch Manhattan - and all these fine people were born: 1628-0112 Charles Perrault* author/folklorist - Paris, France (1703/75) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1637/ Fri, 02 Oct 2020 11:15:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1637/ The grand stairway of the Palais Garnier Opera in Paris, photo credt isogood In the year 1637, the tragicomedy Le Cid is first performed in Paris, France (Jan), Tulip mania - generally considered the first recorded speculative bubble - collapses in the Dutch Republic (Feb 3), the first English venture to China is attempted, with six ships to Macau and Canton (Jun 27), Pierre de Fermat makes a notation claiming to have proof of what will become known as Fermat’s Last Theorem, world’s first public opera house opens in Venice, Italy - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1689/ Mon, 27 Jul 2020 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1689/ In the year 1689, the Protestant William III and Mary II are proclaimed co-rulers of England, Scotland and Ireland (Feb 13), the pro-British New England Governor Sir Edmund Andros and other officials are overthrown by a “mob” of Bostonians (Apr 18), Peter the Great decrees the construction of the Great Siberian Road to China (Nov 22), Isaac Newton becomes a Member of Parliament - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1699/ Tue, 07 Jul 2020 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1699/ Captain Kidd in New York Harbor. By J.L.G. Ferris, picture courtesy of Library of Congress In the year 1699, The Edinburgh Gazette is first published in Scotland (Mar 2), Thomas Savery demonstrates his first steam pump to the Royal Society of London (Jun 14), pirate Captain William Kidd is arrested and imprisoned in Boston, Massachusetts Bay (Jul 6), the Treaty of Preobrazhenskoye calls for the partition of the Swedish Empire - the Great Northern War follows (Sep 22), Peter the Great orders the Russian New Year changed, from 1 September to 1 January (Dec 20) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1627/ Fri, 17 Apr 2020 10:23:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1627/ In the year 1627, the Dutch ship ’t Gulden Zeepaert makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of South Australia (Jan), England lands the first European settlers on Barbados (Feb 17), Ottoman pirates start raiding Iceland (Jun 20) and capture hundreds of Icelanders to be sold into slavery on the Barbary Coast (by Jul 19), rock blasting is invented - and all these fine people were born: 1627-0125 Robert Boyle* chemist/physicist/ inventor - Lismore Castle, County Waterford, Ireland (1691/64) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1700/ Wed, 08 Apr 2020 14:55:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1700/ Battle of Narva in 1700 Protestant Western Europe, except England, start using the Gregorian calendar (Jan 1), the Great Northern War begins (Feb 12), Protestant Germany and Denmark-Norway adopt the Gregorian calendar (Mar 1), Russian army invades Swedish Estonia in Narva (Aug), the militaristic Swedish King Charles XII defeats the Russian army at the Battle of Narva (Nov 30), this is the year when calendars get switched, at different times in different countries - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1617/ Wed, 18 Mar 2020 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1617/ Sweden gains new areas in 1617 (Ingria in yellow, Kexholm in gray) In the year 1617, with the Treaty of Stolbovo, Sweden gains Ingria and Kexholm from Russia (Feb 27), the Spanish navy defeats a Dutch fleet in the Philippines (Apr 24), a naval battle between the Sicilians and Venetians ends inconclusively (Nov 17), at least seven women are sentenced to death by burning for witchcraft in Sweden – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1649/ Fri, 27 Sep 2019 08:11:58 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1649/ St. Laurence’s gate in Drogheda, Ireland (photo by [Kieran Campbell](http://By Kieran Campbell, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=13762085)) King Charles I is is beheaded for high treason in London (Jan 30), an act declaring England to be a Commonwealth is passed (May 19), Tsar Alexis throws English merchants out of Moscow (Jun 1), Oliver Cromwell lands in Dublin, and begins the bloody Cromwellian conquest of Ireland (Aug 15) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1691-2/ Sat, 17 Aug 2019 08:33:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1691-2/ In the year 1691, a new governor arrives from England in New York (Mar 20), the Spanish Inquisition forcibly baptizes 219 Xuetas in Palma, Majorca, and burn alive at the stake the ones who try to escape (May 6), in New York, Jacob Leisler is hanged for treason by the English (May 16), Rolle’s Theorem is invented, the textile factory Barnängens Manufaktur is established in Stockholm, Sweden - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1653-2/ Thu, 15 Aug 2019 07:51:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1653-2/ In the year 1653, New Amsterdam - later renamed New York City - is incorporated (Feb 2), The Morning Star Rebellion breaks out in Sweden, against Queen Christina, the Taj Mahal mausoleum, the construction of which began in 1630, is completed at Agra, India - and all these fine people were born: 1653-xxxx Kaappo Matinpoika Saukko* (b Laurila) father of Elias Kaaponpoika Saukko - Laurila farm, Haapakoski, Lapua, Sweden-Finland (c. 1720/58-75) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1608/ Fri, 14 Jun 2019 07:11:39 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1608/ In the year 1608, Quebec City is founded by Samuel de Champlain (Jul 3), the first official English representative to India, Captain William Hawkins, lands at Surat, India (Aug 24), the University of Oviedo in Spain opens its doors to students (Sep 21), the first telescope (which Galileo later improves upon) is demonstrated by a Dutch spectacle maker in the Netherlands (Oct 2), the first cheques are used in the Netherlands (1608) – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1696/ Sat, 08 Jun 2019 07:37:15 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1696/ In the year 1696,** Peter the Great becomes the sole tsar of Russia** (Jan 29), fleet of the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire clash near the Greek island of Andros (Aug 22), a famine wipes out almost a third of the population in Finland, window tax is introduced in England, construction of Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna begins - and all these fine people were born: 1696-0105 Giuseppe Galli Bibiena* Italian architect/designer - Parma (1757/61) 1696-0402 Francesca Cuzzoni* opera singer - Parma, Italy (1778/82) 1696-0611 James Francis Edward Keith* soldier/Prussian field marshal/Governor of Berlin - Inverugie Castle, Scotland (1758/62) 1696-0714 William Oldys* antiquarian/bibliographer - London, England (1761/64) 1696-0724 Benning Wentworth* governor - Portsmouth, Province of New Hampshire (1770/74) 1696-08xx Maria Tuomaantytär Västilä** (b Seppänen) mother of Jaakko Heikinpoika Renko - Seppänen farm, Hyyppä, Kauhajoki, Sweden-Finland (1779/83) 1696-0801 1696-0810 1696-0812 Maurice Greene* composer/organist - London, England (1755/59) 1696-0817 Jacob af Forselles* (b Forssell) merchant/ industrialist/mayor of Loviisa - Vehkalahti, Sweden-Finland (1768/72) 1696-0820 1696-0831 1696-1001 Simo Antinpoika Rasku* (b Seppälä) father of Valpuri Simontytär Renko - Ilmajoki, Sweden-Finland (1745/48) 1696-1010 Chen Hongmou* scholar/philosopher - Lingui, Guangxi, China (1771/74) 1696-1020 1696-1031 1696-1222 James Oglethorpe* soldier/philanthropist/founder of the colony of Georgia - Godalming, Surrey, England (1785/88) Updated 17. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1677/ Thu, 16 May 2019 07:11:44 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1677/ In the year 1677, the first medical publication in America is produced (Jan 21), the Treaty of Middle Plantation establishes peace between the Virginia colonists and the local natives (May 29), Sweden defeats the Danes in the Battle of Landskrona (Jul 14), ice cream becomes popular in Paris - and all these fine people were born: 1677-xxxx Deborah Churchill* pickpocket and prostitute executed for being an accomplice to murder - Norfolk, England (1708/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1621/ Wed, 13 Feb 2019 09:11:53 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1621/ **Mohegan leader Samoset greets the English settlers in Plymouth Colony **(Mar 16), first treaty between the Native Americans and the settlers is signed (Apr 1), the Dutch East India Company is founded (Jun 3), the Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony and Wampanoags celebrate a harvest feast, later regarded as the First Thanksgiving (Oct), Gothenburg in Sweden is founded, the Dutch forces massacre thousands in Java for_ nutmeg _- and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1613/ Sun, 13 Jan 2019 11:43:56 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1613/ [caption id=“attachment_7986” align=“alignleft” width=“341”]The Coat of Arms of the Romanov Dynasty[/caption] In the year 1613, the Romanov Dynasty begins in Russia (Mar 3), the first English child is born in Canada (Mar 27), fire destroys London’s famed Globe Theatre (Jun 29), the Algonquian princess Pocahontas is kidnapped by the English in Passapatanzy, Virginia, in order to ransom her for English prisoners - she later marries an Englishman (Apr 13), an agreement between Tokugawa Ieyasu and the East India Company permits English merchants to live and trade in Japan (Oct) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1635/ Tue, 08 Jan 2019 11:05:09 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1635/ In the year 1635, the Académie française is constituted (Feb 22), France declares war on Spain (May), the Royal Mail service - established in 1516 - is made available to the public in England (Jul 31), Thomas Parr, dead at the alleged age of 152, is buried in Westminster Abbey (Nov 15), Boston Latin School is founded as the oldest school in the United States, Japan forbids merchants to travel abroad under penalty of law – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1644/ Sat, 22 Dec 2018 09:11:37 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1644/ In the year 1644, the first livestock branding law in America is passed (Feb 5 ), Chinese rebels sack Beijing, causing ultimately the collapse of the Ming Dynasty (Apr 25), Beijing is recaptured, and Manchu rule over China proper begins (Jun 6), the English Civil War goes on, Sigismund Column is erected in Warsaw, Abel Tasman maps the north coast of Australia, and all these fine people were born: 1644-xxxx Antonio Stradivari* luthier/ violin maker – Cremona, Italy (1737/ca92-93) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1655/ Sat, 08 Sep 2018 06:55:05 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1655/ [caption id=“attachment_5156” align=“alignleft” width=“369”]Amsterdam Town Hall by Gerrit Berckheyde (today the Royal Palace)[/caption] In the year 1655, Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, is discovered (Mar 25), the Dutch West India Company denies Peter Stuyvesant’s request to exclude Jews from New Amsterdam (Manhattan) (Apr 26), English troops land on Jamaica (May 10), the Amsterdam Town Hall is inaugurated (Jul 20), Peter Stuyvesant, as the governor of New Netherland, attacks the New Sweden (Delaware) colony (Aug), Swedish King Karl X Gustav occupies Warsaw (Sep 8) and Krákow (Oct 19) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1666/ Fri, 03 Aug 2018 07:05:34 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1666/ [caption id=“attachment_3295” align=“alignleft” width=“238”]Sapling of the original Newton apple tree in Cambridge, England[/caption] In the year 1666, the English court returns to London with the Great Plague of London subsiding (Feb 1), Isaac Newton witnesses the falling of an apple which leads him to discover gravity (May 3), the Great Fire of London occurs (Sep 2-5), Newton uses a prism to split sunlight, contributing to the scientific understanding of light, the first census in North America is completed - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1685/ Wed, 18 Jul 2018 08:11:21 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1685/ [caption id=“attachment_4224” align=“alignleft” width=“357”]Old Dutch Church in Sleepy Hollow, New York[/caption] Catholic James Stuart becomes King James II of England and Ireland, and King James VII of Scotland (Feb 6), but his nephew James Scott wants the throne and starts the Monmouth Rebellion (Jun 11), James Scott is executed for treason (Jul 15), the first organised street lighting is introduced in London with oil lamps to be lit on moonless winter nights outside every tenth house (Sep), the Morean War between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire goes on, construction begins of the Old Dutch Church of Sleepy Hollow - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1672/ Fri, 29 Jun 2018 08:11:34 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1672/ [caption id=“attachment_3116” align=“alignnone” width=“3162”]Aerial view of the Castillo de San Marcos in St. Augustine, Florida[/caption] In the year 1672, the Kingdom of England declares war on the Dutch Republic (Mar 17), France invades the Dutch Republic (Apr 29), Johan de Witt and his brother Cornelis are slaughtered by a mob in The Hague, Holland, accused of being responsible for major Dutch defeats of late (Aug 20), Spain begins the construction on the fort of Castillo de San Marcos in order to protect St. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1694/ Tue, 08 May 2018 08:55:13 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1694/ In the year 1694, the French navy defeats Spain during the Battle of Torroella in Catalonia (May 27), the Bank of England is founded partly in order to raise money for the war effort against France (Jul 27), British American colonial forces fail to seize Quebec, the capital of New France, from the French (Oct 23), the Parliament of England passes a law requiring general elections every three years (Dec 3), the slave ship Hannibal arrives from Benin on the west coast of Africa to the New World with only half of its “load” alive - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/the-17th-century/ Wed, 28 Mar 2018 20:38:09 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/the-17th-century/ Pick one year or decade between 1601 and 1700! If you have ancestors born during this century that you know of, you can have them added in the list by simply leaving a comment in the box below the year or decade in question. 1601 - 1602 - 1603 - 1604 - 1605 - 1606 - 1607- 1608 - 1609 - 1610 - 1611 - 1612 - 1613 - 1614 - 1615 - 1616 - 1617 - 1618 - 1619 - 1620 - 1621 - 1622 - 1623 - 1624 - 1625 - 1626 - 1627 - 1628 - 1629 - 1630 - 1631 - 1632 - 1633 - 1634 - 1635 - 1636 - 1637 - 1638 - 1639 - 1640 - 1641- 1642 - 1643 - 1644 - 1645 - 1646 - 1647 - 1648 - 1649 - 1650 - 1651 - 1652 - 1653 - 1654 - 1655 - 1656 - 1657 - 1658 - 1659 - 1660 - 1661 - 1662 - 1663 - 1664 - 1665 - 1666 - 1667 - 1668 - 1669 - 1670 - 1671 - 1672 - 1673 - 1674 - 1675 - 1676 - 1677 - 1678 - 1679 - 1680 - 1681 - 1682 - 1683 - 1684 - 1685 - 1686 - 1687 - 1688 - 1689 - 1690 - 1691 - 1692 - 1693 - 1694 - 1695 - 1696 - 1697 - 1698 - 1699 - 1700 Updated 14.