https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/tags/the-15th-century/ Recent content in The 15th Century on Life In Good Measure Hugo -- gohugo.io en-us Tue, 27 Jun 2023 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1473/ Tue, 27 Jun 2023 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1473/ Construction of town walls in Celje (in today’s Slovenia) were started in 1450 and finished in 1473 In the year 1473, Leonardo da Vinci signs his drawing Landscape with a river, described as the first example of a pure landscape depiction in European art (Aug 5), Axayacatl, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan, invades the territory of the neighboring Aztec city of Tlatelolco, the city walls and defensive moat are built in Celje, Duchy of Styria, extreme heat causes the Danube to dry out in parts of Europe - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1497/ Sun, 08 Jan 2023 16:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1497/ The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci, painted ca 1495-1498 In the year 1497, Amerigo Vespucci allegedly leaves Cádiz for his first voyage to the New World (May 10), Vasco da Gama’s fleet departs from Lisbon, beginning his expedition to India (Jul 8), King of Denmark defeats Sten Sture the Elder at the Battle of Rotebro in Sweden (Sep 28), the Dominican church Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, containing the mural of The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci, is completed – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1417/ Tue, 04 Oct 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1417/ “Last Of Gas Lamps Of London”, painting by Guneet Kaur (2017) In the year 1417, King Henry V of England begins using English in correspondence, marking the beginning of the restoration of English as an official language for the first time since the Norman Conquest some 350 years earlier (Aug 12), Henry V of England captures Caen, Normandy, which remains in English hands until 1450 (Sep 20), the use of street lighting is first recorded in London when the mayor orders lanterns with lights to be hung out on the winter evenings between Hallowtide and Candlemas – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1464/ Sat, 06 Aug 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1464/ Elizabeth Woodville (1437-1492), Queen of England (1464-1470 and 1471-1483) In the year 1464, Edward IV of England marries Elizabeth Woodville, keeping the marriage a secret for five months (May 1), England and Scotland sign a 15-year-truce (Jun 11), Christian I of Denmark and Norway is no more king of Sweden (Jun 23), and Charles VIII of Sweden is re-elected to the throne of Sweden (Aug 9), Tenguella, the founder of the Empire of Great Fulo in Western Africa, becomes chief of the Fula people, still one of the largest ethnic groups in the Sahel and West Africa - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1429/ Tue, 08 Feb 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1429/ Joan of Arc at the Siege of Orléans. A painting by Jules Eugène Lenepveu, picture credit Tijmen Stam In the year 1429, Joan of Arc enters Orléans with a relief expedition, the Battle of Orleans becoming the watershed of the Hundred Years' War between France and England (Apr 29), the last English siege fortification at Orléans falls as Joan of Arc becomes the hero of the battle by returning, wounded, to lead the final charge (May 7), fire destroys the city of Turku in Finland, Ulugh Beg Observatory in Samarkand is completed - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1469/ Mon, 27 Dec 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1469/ In the year 1469, King Edward IV of England is taken prisoner after the Battle of Edgecote Moor (Jul 26), Edward is released and resumes the throne (Sep), Ferdinand II of Aragon marries Isabella I of Castile, thus unifying Spain (Oct 19), Moctezuma I dies and is succeeded by Axayacatl as the Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan - and all these fine people were born: 1469-0213 Elia Levita* Hebrew grammarian/scholar/poet - Neustadt, Holy Roman Empire (1549/79) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1434/ Sat, 27 Nov 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1434/ The Nantes Cathedral, completed 457 years later, in 1891 In the year 1434, the foundation stone of Nantes Cathedral in France is laid (Apr 14), miner Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson begins a rebellion against King Eric of Pomerania (Jun), eventually leading the king to lose his power in Sweden (Aug 16), the Medici family rises to prominence in Florence, Portuguese traders deliver their first cargo of African slaves to Lisbon - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1402/ Mon, 06 Sep 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1402/ In the year 1402, Welsh rebels defeat the English on the England/Wales border (Jun 22), the English Parliament passes penal Laws against Wales (Sep), Northern English nobles defeat a Scottish raiding army and capture their leader (Sep 14), the University of Würzburg is founded, the colonization of the Canary Islands marks the beginning of the Spanish Empire - and all these fine people were born: 1402-0206 Louis I* the Landgrave of Hesse - Spangenberg (1458/55) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1454/ Sat, 31 Jul 2021 11:14:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1454/ A letterpress machine from 1811 at the Deutsches Museum in Münich, Germany, not much different from the Gutenberg Press of 1454. Photo credit Andrew Plumb In the year 1454, the Thirteen Years' War begins as the citizens of Toruń rebel against the Teutonic Knights (Feb 2), Richard Plantagenet becomes Protector for King Henry VI of England who is in a catatonic state (Mar 27), King Henry regains his sanity (Dec), Isaac Zarfati, a French living in Ottoman Empire, sends a circular letter to several places in the Holy Roman Empire, urging the abused Jews there to come and live in the Ottoman Empire instead, the press of Johannes Gutenberg produces the first printed documents bearing a date - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1441/ Sun, 25 Jul 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1441/ In the year 1441, King’s College in Cambridge is founded (Feb 12), Christopher of Bavaria becomes the King of Sweden (Sep 13), the Peace of Cremona ends the war between the Republic of Venice and the Duchy of Milan (Nov 20), the Maya civilization splits into warring city-states, the first black African slaves are brought to Europe at Lagos in Kingdom of Portugal - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1485/ Fri, 07 May 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1485/ In the year 1485, the first outbreak of sweating sickness in England begins (Aug 5), King Henry VII of England is crowned, becoming the first monarch of the House of Tudor (Oct 30), Leonardo da Vinci starts producing a number of designs for flying machines, Leon Battista Alberti’s De Re Aedificatoria (published posthumously) becomes the first printed work on architecture - and all these fine people were born: 1485-xxxx Giovanni da Verrazzano* Florentine explorer of North America - Val di Greve, Republic of Florence (1528/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1499/ Sun, 21 Mar 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1499/ In the year 1499, Polydore Vergil completes De inventoribus rerum, the first modern history of inventions (Aug), Vasco da Gama returns to Lisboa after his first voyage (to India) (Sep 18), the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I is forced to grant the Swiss de facto independence in the Treaty of Basel (Sep 22), the Rebellion of the Alpujarras begins in the Kingdom of Granada, incited by the forced conversions to Catholicism of the Muslims living there (Dec 18) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1475/ Sat, 06 Mar 2021 00:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1475/ Olavinlinna Castle in Savonlinna, Finland In the year 1475, Krim becomes a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire (Jun 1) , Edward IV of England lands in Calais to support the Duchy of Burgundy against France (Jul 4), George of Bavaria marries the Polish princess Hedwig Jagiellon, thus creating a strong alliance against the Ottoman Empire (Nov 14), building of the Olavinlinna Castle in eastern Finland near the Russian border begins - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1419/ Thu, 07 Jan 2021 10:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1419/ The New Town Hall in Prague, the site of the First Defenestration of Prague In the year 1419, Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England, which brings Normandy under the control of England (Jan 19), the first Defenestration of Prague occurs in Bohemia, leading later to the Hussite Wars (Jul 30), Madeira Islands are discovered by the Portuguese, the University of Rostock is established - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1409/ Wed, 30 Dec 2020 09:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1409/ Harlech Castle, built between 1282 and 1289 onto a rocky knoll by the Irish Sea in northern Wales In the year 1409, the Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English (Jan 1), the controversial ecumenical council of the Catholic Church, the Council of Pisa, opens (Mar 25) and deposes popes (Jun 5), the University of Leipzig opens (Dec 2), the University of Aix-Marseille is founded as University of Province (Dec 9), admiral of the Ming empire fleet from China deposes the king of Sri Lanka - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1422/ Tue, 22 Dec 2020 00:03:39 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1422/ The Bulgarian Empire 681–1018 and 1185–1396/1422. Picture credit CC BY-SA 3.0, Link In the year 1422, the ninth month old Henry VI becomes King of England (Aug 31), Treaty of Melno establishes the Prussian–Lithuanian border and it remains unchanged until World War I (Sep 27), Henry VI is proclaimed King of France (Oct 21), Ottoman forces overrun the last domains of Constantine II of Bulgaria, thus ending the Bulgarian Empire - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1439/ Sat, 19 Dec 2020 18:33:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1439/ In the year 1439, Władysław III’s army defeats the Hussite movement in Poland (May 4), Eric of Pomerania, King of Sweden, Denmark and Norway, is declared deposed in Sweden where Karl Knutsson Bonde continues to serve as Regent (Sep 29-Oct 1), Plymouth becomes the first town incorporated by the English Parliament (Nov 12), Johannes Gutenberg invents the printing press, Strasbourg Cathedral is completed - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1489/ Sat, 19 Sep 2020 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1489/ In the year 1489, the Queen of Cyprus sells her kingdom to the Republic of Venice (Mar 14), Arthur Tudor is named Prince of Wales (Nov 29), typhus first appears in Europe, Johannes Widmann publishes his mercantile book containing the first printed use of plus and minus signs (in order to indicate trading surpluses or shortages) - and all these fine people were born: 1489-xxxx Margareta von Melen* (b Vasa) second cousin of King Gustav Vasa - Sweden (1541/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1466/ Sun, 23 Aug 2020 09:58:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1466/ A page from The Mentelin Bible In the year 1466, Karl Knutsson is asked to be the King of Sweden, again (Nov 1), the Kingdom of Georgia collapses into anarchy, the first printed German language Bible is produced, Louis XI of France introduces silk weaving to Lyon, the first known shop specialising in eyeglasses opens in Strasbourg - and all these fine people were born: 1466-xxxx Moctezuma II* a.k.a. Montezuma, 9th and the most famous ruler of the Aztec Empire/son of Axayacatl - (1520/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1479/ Tue, 14 Jul 2020 18:24:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1479/ In the year 1479, Ferdinand II ascends the throne of Aragon, and rules together with his wife Isabella I over most of the Iberian peninsula (Jan 20), Christopher Columbus marries Felipa Perestrelo Moniz, and receives as dowry her late father’s maps and papers (May 13), Munich Frauenkirche is completed - and all these fine people were born: 1479-0313 Lazarus Spengler* leader of the Protestant Reformation in Nuremberg/hymnwriter - Nuremberg, Germany (1534/55) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1449/ Tue, 02 Jun 2020 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1449/ In the year 1449, the last in a line of rulers that can be traced to the founding of Rome, Constantine XI Palaiologos, is crowned Byzantine Emperor (Jan 6), the French recapture Rouen from the English (Oct 29), Karl Knutsson Bonde becomes the King of Norway (Nov 20) - and all these fine people were born: 1449-0101 Lorenzo de Medici* statesman/patron of Renaissance culture in Italy - Florence, Republic of Florence (1492/43) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1451/ Sun, 12 Apr 2020 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1451/ In the year 1451, Murad II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire is succeeded by his son, Mehmed II (Feb 18), the French capture Bayonne, the last English stronghold in Goyenne in Southern France (Aug 20), the University of Glasgow is founded, the Great Peacemaker along with Jigonhsasee and Hiawatha, found the Iroquois Confederacy, comprising the Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga, and Seneca - and all these fine people were born: 1451-0114 Franchinus Gaffurius* music theorist/composer - Lodi, Italy (1522/71) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1430s/ Wed, 05 Feb 2020 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1430s/ In the year 1430, the Ottoman Empire captures Thessalonica after an eight-year siege (Mar 29), Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians, while leading an army to relieve Compiègne (May 23), Bratislava Castle is converted to a fortress, optical methods are first used in the creation of art - and all these fine people were born: 1430-0323 Margaret of Anjou* Queen of England by marriage to King Henry VI - Pont-à-Mousson, Lorraine, France (1482/52) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1440s/ Wed, 17 Apr 2019 07:11:16 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1440s/ [caption id=“attachment_9839” align=“alignleft” width=“379”]Eton College Entrance[/caption] The Prussian Confederation is formed (Feb 21), Christopher of Bavaria is elected King of Denmark (Apr 9), the French serial killer Gilles de Rais - once a companion-in-arms of Joan of Arc - is hanged in Nantes (Oct 26), Eton College is founded - and all these fine people were born: 1440-xxxx Sten Sture the Elder* statesman/regent of Sweden - Sweden (1503/c. 63) 1440-0122 Ivan III of Russia* known as “Ivan the Great” and the “gatherer of the Russian lands” - Moscow, GD of Moscow (1505/65) 1440-0213 Hartmann Schedel* physician/historian/one of the first cartographers to use the printing press invented in 1447 - Nuremberg, Germany (1514/74) 1441 Individual post 1442-0428 King Edward IV of England*- Rouen, Normandy (1483/40) 1442-0703 Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado* 後土御門天皇 - Japan (1500/58) 1443-0629 Anthony Browne* knight - Parish, Surrey, England (1506/63) 1443-0909 Muhammad Jaunpuri* - Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India (1505/61) 1443-1205 Pope Julius II* (b Giuliano della Rovere) chose his papal name in emulation of Julius Caesar - Albisola, Republic of Genoa (1513/69) 1444-xxxx Donato Bramante* Italian architect (St. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1420s/ Tue, 28 Aug 2018 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1420s/ In the year 1420, King Charles VI of France acknowledges Henry V of England as his heir, and virtual ruler of most of France (May 21), construction of the dome of Florence Cathedral begins (Aug 7), Beijing is officially designated as the capital of the Ming Dynasty (Oct 28), construction begins of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing - and all these fine people were born: 1420-xxxx Tomás de Torquemada* Grand Inquisitor – Torquemada(? https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1493/ Sat, 11 Aug 2018 08:11:03 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1493/ In the year 1493, Christopher Columbus returns to Spain from his first trip to Americas (Mar 15), Ottoman forces defeat those of the Kingdom of Croatia in southern Croatia (Sep 9), Christopher Columbus sets off for his second voyage (Sep 29) and lands on the coast of the island of Borinquen (today’s Puerto Rico), and renames it San Juan (Nov 19), Leonardo da Vinci draws first known helicopter - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1410s/ Sat, 14 Jul 2018 07:35:49 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1410s/ In the year 1410, the first of the Yongle Emperor’s against the Mongols is launched (Mar 25), Polish and Lithunian forces defeat the Teutonic Knights in the Battle of Tannenberg (Jul 15), construction of the church Heiliggeistkirche in Heidelberg begins in Germany, the Prague Astronomical Clock is built at the Old Town Hall, construction begins on Castle Woerden in the Netherlands - and all these fine people were born: 1410-0130 William Calthorpe* knight/High Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk - England (1494/84) 1410-0801 Jan IV of Nassau* Count of Nassau, Dietz and Dillenburg - Dillenburg, Germany (1475/64) 1411-0921 Richard of York* claimant to the English throne - Kings Langley, Hertfordshire (1460/49) 1412-0106 Joan of Arc* “The Maid of Orleans” - Domrémy, Kingdom of France (1431/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1400s/ Fri, 13 Jul 2018 08:00:44 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1400s/ In the year 1400, Henry IV of England executes Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury, and the Baron de Despencer for their attempt to have Richard II restored as king (Jan) who then soon dies in captivity (Feb 14), the English occupy Edinburgh, but fail to capture Edinburgh Castle (Aug), the Mississippian Culture starts to decline, the Kingdom of Kongo begins, remaining mostly independent for nearly 500 years - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1500/ Wed, 16 May 2018 04:58:06 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1500/ In the year 1500, the last year of the 15th century, Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral officially discovers Brazil, and claims the land for the Kingdom of Portugal (Apr 22), Portuguese navigator Diogo Dias discovers Madagascar (Aug 10), France and Spain agree to divide the Kingdom of Naples between them in the Treaty of Granada (Nov 11), Europe’s population is estimated at 56.7 million people - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1490s/ Fri, 30 Mar 2018 15:36:33 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1490s/ First regular post service in Germany connects Mechelen and Innsbruck, Catholic missionaries arrive in the African Kingdom of Kongo, Chinese scholar and printer Hua Sui invents bronze-metal movable type printing in China, Leonardo da Vinci develops an oil lamp, merchants carrying coffee from Yemen to Mecca present the earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking - and all these fine people were born: 1490-10xx Olaus Magnus* Archbishop of Uppsala - Skeninge, Sweden (1557/66) 1491-0628 Henry VIII of England* - Greenwich, Kent, England (1547/55) 1491-1023 Ignatius of Loyola* - Azpeitia, Basque, Spain (1556/64) 1491-1231 Jacques Cartier* explorer for France/the first European to map the river Saint Lawrence and its shores which he named “The Country of Canadas” after the Iroquoian names for the area - Saint-Malo, Duchy of Brittany (1557/65) 1492-xxx Jürgen Wullenwever* merchant/burgomaster of Lübeck - Hamburg, Germany (1537/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1470s/ Fri, 30 Mar 2018 15:03:18 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1470s/ In the year 1470, Charles II of Sweden, having served three terms as King of Sweden, dies (May 15), the Ottomans capture Euboea (today’s Evia) (Jul 12), Henry VI of England is released from the Tower of London, and is restored to the throne (Oct 3), between this year and 1700, 8888 witches are tried in the Swiss Confederation, and of them 5417 are executed, Johann Heynlin introduces the printing press into France, Sir George Ripley dedicates his book _The Compound of Alchemy _to the King Edward IV of England - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1480s/ Fri, 30 Mar 2018 14:56:07 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1480s/ [caption id=“attachment_3453” align=“alignleft” width=“378”]Fort Qaitbey at Alexandria[/caption] Treaty of Toledo is signed where Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain recognize the African conquests of Afonso, and Afonso cedes the Canary Islands to Spain (Mar 6), the Ottomans attack the city of Otranto in Italy, and behead 800 Christians for refusing to convert to Islam (Aug 12), Spain initiates the Spanish Inquisition, to last for three decades and involving around 150,000 prosecutions (Sep 27), the last remains of the Lighthouse of Alexandria disappear as the defensive fortress Citadel of Qaitbey is built on its site - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1460s/ Fri, 30 Mar 2018 14:50:47 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1460s/ The cannons of the Tower of London are fired on the city of London, now mostly in Yorkist hands (Jul 4), and the Tower ends up surrendering (Jul 19), Wars of the Roses between Lancastrians and Yorkists go on in England until 1487, Portuguese navigator Pedro de Sintra reaches the coast of modern-day Sierra Leone - and all these fine people were born: 1460-xxx Vasco da Gama* or 1469 Portuguese explorer - Sines, Kingdom of Portugal (1524/64? https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1450s/ Fri, 30 Mar 2018 14:43:19 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1450s/ In the year 1450, French troops defeat an English army trying to relieve Caen in northwestern France (Apr), Charles VIII of Sweden loses the Norwegian throne to Christian I of Denmark (May 13), Cherbourg, the last English territory in Normandy, surrenders to the French (Aug 12), the University of Barcelona is founded (Nov 3), Johannes Gutenberg sets up his movable type printing press as a commercial operation in Mainz - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/the-15th-century/ Fri, 30 Mar 2018 14:33:25 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/the-15th-century/ Pick one year or decade between 1401 and 1500! If you have ancestors born during this century that you know of, you can have them added in the list by simply leaving a comment in the box below the year or decade in question. 1400s - 1410s - 1420s - 1430s - 1440s - 1450s - 1460s - 1470s - 1480s - 1490s Here individual years will be few and far between unless we will get plenty of requests from genealogists.