In the year 1290, King Edward I of England orders all Jews to leave England by November 1 (in the Hebrew calendar this is Tisha B’Av, a day that commemorates many calamities) (Jul 18), the country of Wallachia is founded (Aug 1), King Denis of Portugal decrees that Portuguese will replace classical Latin as the official language of Portugal, construction on the Akershus Fortress of Oslo, Norway begins - and all these fine people were born:
1290-0804 Leopold I* Duke of Austria - Vienna, Austria (1326/35)
In the year 1291, Vandino and Ugolino Vivaldi set sail from Genoa with the goal of reaching India, never returning (spring), Al-Ashraf Khalil of Egypt captures Acre, ending the Ninth and effectively all Crusades (May 18), the Zen Buddhist temple of Nanzenji in Kyoto is established, all glassmakers in Venice are forced to move to the island of Murano north of Venice in order to contain the risk of fire, thus establishing the glass industry there.
1291-0208 Afonso IV of Portugal* King of Portugal and the Algarves - Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal (1357/66)
1291-1031 Philippe de Vitry* composer/music theorist/poet - France (1361/69)
In the year 1292, King Edward I of England selects John Balliol as King of Scotland, but only as a puppet ruler, eventually provoking the Wars of Scottish Independence, the Mongols land on Java, but it proves impossible to hold the capital, the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia is invaded by the Egyptians led by sultan Al-Ashraf Khalil - well known for conquering the last of the Crusader states in Palestine the previous year.
1292-0120 Elizabeth of Bohemia* - Prague, Bohemia (1330/38)
In the year 1293, Torkel Knutsson leads Sweden in beginning the Third Swedish Crusade against unchristianized Finnish Karelia, Dante Alighieri completes the book of verse La Vita Nuova.
1293-xxxx Philip V of France* (Philip the Tall) King of France 1316-1322 - Lyon, France (1322/29)
1293-1012 Margaret de Clare* noblewoman - Tornbridge Castle, Kent, England (1342/48)
In the year 1294, Kublai Khan dies at the time when the separation of the four khanates of the Mongol Empire has deepened (Feb 18), Scotland refuses England’s demands for support in a planned invasion of France, and siding with France, brings on the Scottish Wars of Independence, England and France declare war on each other, and to finance it, both lay taxes on the clergy, the pope forbidding churchmen to pay them.
1294-0618 Charles IV of France* King of France 1322-1328 - Clermont, Oise, France (1328/33)
In the year 1295, Przemysł II is crowned King of Poland (Jun 26), construction begins on Beaumaris Castle in Anglesey, the last of the ring of castles in order to subdue Wales, Mongol leader Ghazan Khan converts to Islam, ending a line of Tantric Buddhist leaders, and Marco Polo returns home to Venice after 24 years abroad, and helps finance the war against the Genoans.
1295-xxxx Isabella of France* the She-Wolf of France"/Queen of England as the wife of Edward II - Paris, France (1358/c.62)
In the year 1296, King Edward I of England storms a Scottish border town Berwick-upon-Tweed and slaughters most of the residents (Mar 30)
1296-0810 John of Bohemia* king of Bohemia from/the count of Luxembourg/titular king of Poland - Luxembourg (1346/50)
In the year 1297, the forces of Francesco Grimaldi storm the castle of Monaco, the House of Grimaldi remaining rulers of that principality into the 21st Century (Jan 1), King Louis IX of France is canonized (Jul 11), Edward I of England unsuccessfully invades Flanders (Aug 28)
1297-0325 Arnošt of Pardubice* the first Archbishop of Prague/ diplomat/advisor to Emperor Charles IV - Hostinka, County of Kladsko (1364/67)
1297-0814 Emperor Hanazono* 花園天皇 the 95th emperor of Japan - Japan (1348/51)
In the year 1298, Edward I of England defeats a Scottish army led by William Wallace in the Battle of Falkirk (Jul 22), the Genoese fleet defeats the Venetians in the Battle of Curzola, and Marco Polo is one of the prisoners taken (Sep 9), the Chinese governmental minister Wang Zhen invents a wooden movable type printing.
1298-xxxx Andrew Murray* military and political leader/supporter of David II of Scotland - Scotland (1338/c.40)
1298-1212 Albert II* Duke of Austria - Habsburg, Castle, Swabia (1358/59)
1299 Individual post
Updated 22.10.2021
Search for another year here