In the year 1856, Dallas, Texas is incorporated as a city (Feb 2), the discovery of mauveine, the first synthetic organic dye, leads eventually to the birth of the chemical industry (Mar), the Treaty of Paris ends the Crimean War (Mar 31), 500 Mormon handcart pioneers leave Iowa for Salt Lake City (Jun 9), the Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins (Oct 8), Gregor Mendel starts his research on genetics, proslavery forces and antislavery forces keep on clashing in the United States - and all these fine people were born:

1856-xx Alibhai Mulla Jeevanjee* merchant/politician/philanthropist. Influential Indian settler in Kenya - Karachi, Bombay Presidency, British India (1936/c. 80) 1856-0107 A. V. Koskimies* (b Forsman) teacher/ educationalist/writer - Pihlajavesi, GD of Finland (1929/73) 1856-0112 John Singer Sargent* portrait painter - Florence, GD of Tuscany (1925/69) 1856-0118 Daniel Hale Williams* African American surgeon/hospital founder/known for having completed the first successful heart surgery - Hollidaysburg, PA USA (1931/75) 1856-0120 1856-0121 Gustaf Nyström* architect/teacher - Helsinki, Finland (1917/61) 1856-0127 Robert Stead* architect - New York City, NY USA (1943/87) 1856-0202 Robert Latham Owen* lawyer/federal Indian agent/senator - Lynchburg, VA USA (1947/91) 1856-0215 Emil Kraepelin* psychiatrist/co-discoverer of Alzheimer’s disease - Neustrelitz, German Confederation (1926/70) 1856-0221 Hendrik Petrus Berlage* prominent Dutch architect - Amsterdam, Netherlands (1934/78) 1856-0221 Frederick William Vanderbilt* railway magnate - New Dorp, Staten Island, NY USA (1938/82) 1856-0306 George Lane* American-Canadian rancher/ politician/known as one of the Big Four who helped found the Calgary Stampede - Iowa, USA (1925/69) 1856-0308 Bramwell Booth* Salvation Army general - Halifax, England (1929/73) 1856-0309 Jules-Albert de Dion* inventor of a steam-powered car/winner of the world’s first auto race/co-founder of L’Équipe - Carquefou, France (1946/90) 1856-0309 Eddie Foy Sr.* actor/dancer/vaudevillian - Manhattan, NY USA (1928/71) 1856-0315 Hara Takashi* 原 敬 politician/PM - Motomiya, Mutsu, Japan (1921/65) 1856-0321 Henry Ossian Flipper* former slave/the first African American to graduate from West Point - Thomasville, GA USA (1940/84) 1856-0330 1856-0403 Ludvig Unggren* journalist/editor - Vaasa, GD of Finland (1913/56) 1856-0405 Booker T. Washington* educator/orator/presidential advisor - Hale’s Ford, VA USA (1915/59) 1856-0413 Carl von Heideken* physician/founder of the Heideken maternity hospital in Turku - Pori, GD of Finland (1914/57) 1856-0420 Anton Alfthan* Finnish chemist/businessman - Viipuri, Russian Empire  (1933/77) 1856-0422 1850-0426 Joseph Ward* New Zealand politician/PM/to New Zealand at age 7 - Melbourne, Victoria Colony (1930/74) 1856-0427 Tongzhi Emperor* the ninth Emperor of the Qing dynasty - Chuxiu Palace, Forbidden City (1875/18) 1856-0501 1856-0506 Sigmund Freud* neurologist/ psychoanalyst - Freiberg, Moravia, Austrian Empire (1939/83) 1856-0516 Charles Melville Hays*  railroad executive/sank with the RMS Titanic - Rock Island, IL USA (1912/55) 1856-0520 1856-0523 Archibald Cameron Corbett* one of the principal developers of the eastern suburbs of London/ politician/MP - Glasgow, Scotland (1933/76) 1856-0531 1856-0601 1856-0608 Edwin S. Votey* inventor/industrial designer/manufacturer of pianos and organs - Ovid, NY USA (1931/74) 1856-0629 Maria Cederschiöld* journalist/women’s rights activist - Stockholm, Sweden (1935/79) 1856-0706 Patrick Burns* rancher/senator/philanthropist - Oshawa, ON Canada (1937/80) 1856-0710 Nikola Tesla* engineer/ inventor - Smiljan, Austrian Empire (1943/86) 1856-0711 Georgiana Drew* actress/comedian/member of the Barrymore acting family - Philadelphia, PA USA (1893/36) 1856-0726 George Bernard Shaw* playwright/activist/N - Portobello, Dublin, Ireland (1950/94) 1856-0801 1856-0809 Harry Markland Molson* entrepreneur (Molson Brewery)/mayor/sank with the Titanic - Montreal, Canada West (1912/55) 1856-0810 William Willett* builder/promoter of Daylight Saving Time - Farnham, Surrey, England (1915/58) 1856-0820 1856-0827 Ivan Franko* Ukrainian writer/ journalist/political activist - Nahuievychi, Austrian Empire (1916/59) 1856-0829 Charles Wacker* businessman/ Chairman of the Chicago Plan Commission/philanthropist - Chicago, IL USA (1929/73) 1856-0903 Louis Sullivan* architect/“father of skyscrapers” - Boston, MA USA (1924/67) 1856-0927 Bríet Bjarnhéðinsdóttir* women’s rights activist - Vatnsdalur, Iceland (1940/83) 1857-1001 1857-1007 Edward Jones* journalist/statistician/co-founder of Dow Jones & Company and of _The Wall Street Journal  _- Worcester, MA USA (1920/63) 1857-1010 1856-1015 Robert Nivelle* military commander/son of a British mother - Tulle, French Empire (1924/67) 1856-1017 Juho Sjöros* teacher/collector of folk poetry/fennoman - Rauma, GD of Finland (1890/33) 1857-1020 1856-1021 Francisco Plancarte y Navarrete* Roman Catholic archbishop /archaeologist - Zamora, Mexico (1920/63) 1856-1028 Anna Elizabeth Klumpke* portrait and genre painter - San Francisco, CA USA (1942/85) 1856-1031 Charles Leroux* balloonist/parachutist/died on his 239th jump in the city bay of Reval, Estonia - Waterbury, CT USA (1889/32) 1856-1101 Johan Rohde* painter/ lithographer/designer - Randers, Denmark (1935/78) 1856-1101 Johanna Schybergson* (b Tikkanen) inventor of household machines - Helsinki, GD of Finland (1936/79) 1856-1116 Jürgen Kröger* architect/builder of churches - Haale, Germany (1928/71) 1856-1121 Jens Christian Christensen* teacher/politician/PM - Påbøl, Denmark (1930/74) 1856-1121 William Emerson Ritter* biologist - Hampden Township, WI USA (1944/87) 1856-1122 Heber J. Grant* Mormon leader/7th LSD president - Salt Lake City, Utah Territory (1945/88) 1856-1129 Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg* politician/Chancellor of the German Empire - Hohenfinow, Kingdom of Prussia (1921/64) 1856-1130 Walter Heimbürger* lawyer/politician - Helsinki, GD of Finland (1920/63) 1856-1202 Robert Kajanus* conductor/ composer/teacher - Helsinki, GD of Finland (1933/76) 1856-1209 Ernst Brenner* politician - Basel, Switzerland (1911/54) 1856-1214 Louis Marshall* civil rights lawyer/Jewish community leader - Syracuse, NY USA (1929/72) 1856-1218 J. J. Thomson* physicist/N - Cheetham Hill, Manchester, England (1940/83) 1856-1218 Ella Holmes White* widower/Titanic survivor - New York City, NY USA (1942/85) 1856-1220 1856-1228 Woodrow Wilson* politician/28usp - Staunton, VA USA (1924/67) 1856-0 1856-0 1856-0 Updated 2025-0228 Helsinki Search for another year here