In the year 1844, the Edict of Toleration is passed allowing Jews to settle in the Holy Land (Mar 23), the world’s second police force is established in Hong Kong (May 1), the first electrical telegram is sent by Samuel Morse (May 24), YMCA is founded in London (Jun 6), Charles Goodyear receives a patent for vulcanization, a process to strengthen rubber (Jun 15), the Mormon leader Joseph Smith and his brother are killed by a mob in Carthage, Illinois (Jun 27), Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx meet in Paris (Aug 28), Hungarian becomes the official language of Hungary (Nov 13), the safety match is invented - and all these fine people were born:

1844-xxxx Sarah Winnemucca* (b Thocmentony) Northern Paiute author/ activist/educator - near Humboldt Lake, Nevada (1891/c.46) 1844-0101 1844-0104 J. A. Bergman* author - Lapväärtti, GD of Finland (1924/80) 1844-0106 Antti Karhu* poet/ folklorist - Suomenniemi, GD of Finland (1926/82) 1844-0107 Bernadette Soubirous* visionary/known as Saint Bernadette of Lourdes - Lourdes, France (1879/35) 1844-0109 Julián Gayarre* opera singer - Roncal, Navarre, Spain (1890/45) 1844-0110 1844-0111 Amédée Bollée* bellfounder/ inventor (steam cars) - Sainte-Croix, Kingdom of France (1917/73) 1844-0111 Julia Stadius* (b Tavaststjerna) Finnish writer - St. Petersburg, Russian Empire (1929/85) 1844-0114 William Forsell Kirby* entomologist/ folklorist/translator of Finland’s national epic Kalevala - Leicester, England (1912/68) 1844-0115 Cole Younger* Confederate guerrilla/outlaw leader/preacher - Jackson County, MO USA (1916/72) 1844-0123 Robert Huber* engineer/ builder of piping in Finland since 1872 - Basel, Swiss Confederacy (1905/61) 1844-0127 Carl Jahn* engraver/ artist/ to Finland at age 30 - Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German Confederation (1912/67) 1844-0129 Vassily Maximov* painter - Lupano, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire (1911/67) 1844-0131 1844-0201 Elis Duncker* opera singer - Artjärvi, GD of Finland (1876/32) 1844-0201 Eduard Strasburger* Polish-German botanist professor/discoverer of mitosis in plants - Warsaw, Congress Poland (1912/68) 1844-0208 Richard Watson Gilder* poet/editor - Bordentown, NJ USA (1909/65) 1844-0216 James Guillaume* anarchist/ writer - London, England (1916/72) 1844-0220 Joshua Slocum* Nova Scotian-American seaman/the first person to sail single-handedly around the world/writer - Mount Hanley, Nova Scotia (1909/65) 1844-0221 Charles-Marie Widor* organist/teacher/ composer - Lyon, Kingdom of France (1937/93) 1844-0228 1844-0301 1844-0310 Pablo de Sarasate* violin virtuoso/composer/conductor - Pamplona, Spanish Empire (1908/64) 1844-0318 Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov* composer - Tikhvin, Russian Empire (1908/64) 1844-0319 Minna Canth* writer/ social activist - Tampere, GD of Finland (1897/53) 1844-0320 1844-0323 Eugène Gigout* organist/ composer - Nancy, Kingdom of France (1925/81) 1844-0323 Juho Jaakonpoika Hautamäki** son of Jaakko Matinpoika Hautamäki (b Hautala) - Ilmajoki, GD of Finland (1926/82) 1844-0325 Adolf Engler* botanist - Sagan, Kingdom of Prussia, German Confederation (1930/86) 1844-0330 Paul Verlaine* poet - Metz, Kingdom of France (1896/51) 1844-0401 1844-0404 Heikki Mustakallio* (b Henrik Schwartzberg) priest/poet - Pyhäjärvi, GD of Finland (1913/69) 1844-0406 Maria Munthe* school offiial /founder of a school in Ystad - Bankeryd, Sweden (1944/99) 1844-0412 Federico González Suárez* historian/politician/Archbishop of Quito - Quito, Ecuador (1917/72) 1844-0414 Johannes Jernström* farmer/journalist - Helsinki, GD of Finland (1903/59) 1844-0416 Anatole France* (b Jacques Anatole François Thibault) poet/ novelist/N - Paris, Kingdom of France (1924/80) 1844-0418 Pavel Suzor* architect - Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire (1919/75) 1844-0420 1844-0423 Sanford B. Dole* lawyer/ usurper/the President of the Republic of Hawaii - Honolulu, Kingdom of Hawaii (1926/82) 1844-0425 Viktor Balck* Swedish army officer/sports personality/one of the original members of the International Olympic Committee - Karlskrona, Sweden-Norway (1928/84) 1844-0501 1844-0511 M. G. Stenius* gardener/ garden designer - Kontiolahti, GD of Finland (1906/61) 1844-0520 1844-0521 Henri Rousseau* post-impressionist painter - Laval, Mayenne, France (1910/66) 1844-0522 Mary Cassatt* painter/ printmaker - Allegheny City, PA USA (1926/82) 1844-0531 1844-0601 Vasily Polenov* landscape painter - St. Petersburg, Russian Empire (1927/83) 1844-0606 Konstantin Savitsky* painter - Taganrog, Russian Empire (1905/60) 1844-0608 Marie Heineken* painter/niece of the Heineken founder Gerard A. Heineken - Amsterdam, Netherlands (1930/85) 1844-0610 1844-0624 Albert Oskar Snellman* businessman/ civil servant - Oulu, GD of Finland (1894/49) 1844-0627 Arthur Gardiner Butler* entomologist/ arachnologist/ornithologist - Chelsea, London, England (1925/80) 1844-0630 1844-0701 1844-0709 Charles D. Barney* stockbroker - Sandusky, OH USA (1945/101) 1844-0711 Peter I of Serbia* the last king of Serbia - Belgrade, Serbia (1921/77) 1844-0720 1844-0725 Thomas Eakins* painter/photographer/ fine arts educator - Philadelphia, PA USA (1916/71) 1844-0730 Aurora Aspegren* (b Gullstén) actress - Kuru, GD of Finland (1911/66) 1844-0801 1844-0805 Ilya Repin* painter/ active in Finland - Chuguev, Ukraine, Russian Empire (1930/86) 1844-0806 Prince Alfred* the second son of Queen Victoria - Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England (1900/55) 1844-0814 Friedrich Miescher* physician/ biologist - Basel, Swiss Confederacy (1895/51) 1844-0817 Menelik II* King of Shewa/Emperor of Ethopia - Angolalla, Shewa, Ethiopian Empire (1913/69) 1844-0820 1844-0831 1844-0901 1844-0907 Charles Romley Alder Wright* chemist/in his quest of a non-addictive alternative to morphine, he synthesized diamorphine (heroin) - Southend, Essex, England (1894/49) 1844-0911 Carl Bohm* pianist/ composer - Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German Confederation (1920/75) 1844-0920 1844-0927 F. V. Jalander* journalist/ editor/telegrapher - Oulu, GD of Finland (1890/46) 1844-0930 1844-1002 Albert Olivier Wialén* schoolteacher/ translator - Loimaa, GD of Finland (1941/96) 1844-1010 1844-1011 Henry J. Heinz* entrepreneur/founder of the H. J. Heinz Company - Birmingham, PA USA (1919/74) 1844-1015 Friedrich Nietzsche* philosopher/author - Röcken bei Lützen, Kingdom of Prussia, German Confederation (55) 1844-1020 1844-1022 Sarah Bernhardt* actress - Paris, Kingdom of France (1923/78) 1844-1027 Klas Pontus Arnoldson* Swedish author/pacifist/N - Gothenburg, Sweden-Norway (1916/71) 1844-1031 1844-1102 John J. Loud* attorney/inventor of the ballpoint pen - Weymouth, MA USA (1916/71) 1844-1113 William Wilson* British journalist/swimming instructor/originator of the game of water polo - London, England (1912/67) 1844-1115 Arthur Lundahl* actor - Oulu, GD of Finland (1879/34) 1844-1121 Ada Cambridge* British-Australian writer/to Australia at age 25 - St. Germans, Norfolk, England (1926/81) 1844-1125 Karl Benz* (b Vaillant) automobile engineer/engine designer - Mühlburg, German Confederation (1929/84) 1844-1130 1844-1201 Alexandra of Denmark* Queen of the United Kingdom as the wife of King-Emperor Edward VII - Copenhagen, Kingdom of Denmark (1925/80) 1844-1208 Charles-Émile Reynaud* inventor/ pioneer in animated films - Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis, Kingdom of France (1918/73) 1844-1227 Edward Judson* American Baptist clergyman - Moulmein, British Burma (1914/69) 1844-1229 Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee* barrister/Indian Independence activist - Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India (1906/61) 1844-1230 Hemming Åström* businessman/plans of a railway connection from the Arctic Ocean to St.Petersburg - Tornio, GD of Finland (1895/50) 1844-0 1844-0 1844-0 Updated 2025-0324 Helsinki Search for another year here